Monday, March 23, 2015

Chemical Communication in the Nervous System: Estrogen

What is it and where is it located in the Central Nervous System?

Estrogen is a hormone. According to James Kalat, "hormones function more like a radio” it sends messages to anyone listening (2013, p. 65). It is present in both male and female, however, it is considered a female sex hormone.

Kalat stated that the central nervous system consist of both the brain and spinal cord and its function is to send messages throughout the body. Estrogen is located in the pituitary gland of the central nervous system. The pituitary gland is very small and is a part of the endocrine system that controls growth and development in the body. It has two parts: the anterior and posterior. The anterior part is “an extension of the hypothalamus” which is in charge of "growth throughout the body" (Kalat, 2013, p.65).

What is Estrogen's primary role or function?

According to Zebor (2015) estrogen's primary role is the sexual and reproductive development of the female body. Estrogen's role is to "control the growth of the uterine lining during the first part  of the menstrual cycle, causes change in the breast during adolescence and pregnancy and regulates various other metabolic processes" (Manson, 2011, p. 1). In addition, during the reproductive development, "the pituitary gland in the brain generates hormones that cause a new egg to be released from its follicles each month. As the follicles develops, it produces estrogen, which causes the lining of the uterus to thicken" (Manson, 2011, p.1).

Where is Estrogen produced?
Hormones are produced in the endocrine system. According to JoAnn E. Mason, "estrogen is produced in the ovaries, adrenal glands, and fat tissue" (2015, p. 1). However, in male, estrogen is produced in the testis.

 How is it related to a behavior, cognitive process or emotion?



According to Nivid Todd, "estrogen acts everywhere in the body, including the parts of the brain that control emotion" (Todd, 2015, p.1). Estrogen is related to the increases of the production of both serotonin and endorphins. However, Nivid Todd (2015), stated that during the menstrual cycle, estrogen plays a big role in the different mood swings and behavior. For instance, estrogen’s effect on female’s moods and behavior is referred to as Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS).  Some physical symptoms of PMS is as follow: "bloating... breast tenderness" and acne; while some emotions she may feel are: anger, depression, sad, irritation, etc. (WebMD, 2015. p1). Although, experts believe estrogen plays a major role in female’s behavior and emotion during the menstrual cycle, they have not quite figured out how.




How Estrogen Effects the Female Body|What is Estrogen?



References
Estrogen and women’s emotion (2015). WebMD. Retrieved from
                http://www.webmd.com/women/guide/estrogen-and-womens-emotions
Kalat, J.W. (2013). Chapter 3 synapses. Biological Psychology 11th ed. California: Wadsworth,
                Cengage Learning, 2013.
Manson, J.E. (2011). Estrogen. Healthy Women. Retrieved from
                www.healthywomen.org/condition/estrogen

3 comments:

  1. I found your post on estrogen to be informative and interesting. I was familiar with some of the facts you presented, but I wasn't aware that experts don't know how estrogen affects female moods and behavior. I enjoyed the video you posted, it helped explain the concepts you referred to. I think you could've improved your blog post by using fewer direct quotations. Good job!
    -Natalie W.

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  2. Your post was well put together and easy to follow. I was able to understand the functions of estrogen well since you defined all concepts pretty clearly. Your video and visual aids were helpful and engaging as well. Nice job on your post, I enjoyed reading it. -Mariam N.

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